New Battery Choice

When all enterprises have the power of the hybrid car, a mere occasion electric vehicle technology, Chery Tongshi another way, with the U.S. electric car infrastructure providers of business cooperation a better place to accelerate the kind of production volume can change the battery electric vehicle research and development. We can not help but ask,” Quick-change battery mode” electric car is really a means of achieving industrialization? Can help to reach the final of the market on large scale electric vehicles? toshiba PA3399U-2BRS toshiba PA3400U-1BRS

 

To enter the market rent car

 

Now with the new energy strategy based on the development of electric vehicles from the car has become national policy, public enterprises are also actively promoting the car. But, after all, is a new area, because the standards are not uniform, the price is too high, charging stations and other facilities inadequate control of the electric car to achieve large-scale industrialization, the market still has a long way to go. Chery then thought of “technology of rapid change in the battery, and businesses better place in which the vehicle load power plant intelligent building has a rich experience.

 

According to sources from Chery, the two sides will jointly develop a replaceable battery electric vehicles, and to study the electric car charging network solutions, to fast forward the process of the market for electric vehicles, electric vehicles to seize global opportunities. Same time, research and development, electric vehicles will load network with seamless docking, companies seem to avoid the current part of the car electric vehicle charging network interface is not compatible with situation. toshiba PA3420U-1BRS toshiba PA3421U-1BRS

 

Chery is of the opinion that the current “fast charge technology benefits” and disadvantages, while reducing the load times, which greatly injured the cell body. The quick-change battery mode of development, will different cell types in practical terms, the difference becomes negligible. In addition, the high current cost of electric vehicle batteries unbearable consumers. Chery launched “rental lot” sales model and battery “quick change of “technology combined products will become more practical and commodification. Chery official said:” opt-in electric cars Chery for the user, simply replace the battery station “for rent” batteries can be as easy as the nearest gas station. ”

 

How the costs of rent charged for

 

If the lease, a cost that will be how to recover? An interview with Xinhua, Chery Automobile Technology Co., Ltd. Director General of the party of new energy transport ship, he said: “Rent for the cost of government required batteries, quick-change stations, and consumers share burden, the mode of operation is specifically discussed. I believe, will help consumers to use and maintain the battery, and can quickly accept electric vehicles. points of rapid change in equipment dedicated charging, the battery will be replaced load slowly, taking such a way as to reduce battery consumption, prolonging battery life, charging at night can also be used, benefits economic security. ” toshiba PA3450U-1BRS toshiba PA3475U-1BRS

 

According to Fang Zhou Yun presented these electric vehicles on the market successfully in 2012, these R & D efforts more. The market share of these models will be based on actual demand, the price is also specific accounting. To do now is to advance the technology evolves fast for plants built, a demonstration pilot, a further optimization of operational and technical programs. Fourth quarter of this year in China allows consumers to see a demonstration of quick change batteries, the production model will have 1-2 models.

 

Between ideal and reality

 

In fact, the technology “stack quick change” argument a long time, but in fact is the technology of struggle, each company has its own views. toshiba pa3535u-1brs toshiba pa3591u-1brs Some people like to load, it was like for power, these two technologies have their advantages and disadvantages. Then, the future of technology at the end that this is true, Chery said, to promote large-scale market for electric cars? Shanghai Jiao Tong University Institute of Automotive Engineering, Professor Dale Yin Biao is Guandian “Xianzai Shi Jian pure electric car charging too long, fueling the consumer could not Xiangbi rapid generation of technology can only say that this would facilitate problem. If you want to change the batteries, there is a profound problem, ie, electric scale electric cars for themselves how to achieve, because the car industry is not in the end there is no of scale to do. ”

 

Professor Yin said that the current production at large scale is unlikely to change in electric cars, companies are reluctant to integrate act in haste. Also developed as IBM compatible, and the establishment of standards, but to support the delivery of Intel chips and Microsoft’s operating systems, which equals the low battery power company, companies do not want a second IBM car. toshiba pa3450u-1brs toshiba pa3534u-1brs

 

But to gain the benefit level at a uniform rate on a large scale soon change the battery box, electrical standards, if not a unified standard would be no cost advantage, and the balance will be difficult. However, as the same is not the same brand of cell phone battery car battery, even more difficult.

 

And if so, pure electric cars are at the heart of family members of the battery factory, the car shell is made from plants of vehicle, vehicle customization is also gone. Perhaps the change in the development of electric vehicles is a new opportunity to change the field of energy, but a gap remains between the ideal and reality. This is not only common problems of the battery, there is the question of designing the car, very large. toshiba pa3420u-1brs toshiba pa3421u-1brs

With a constant current source to charge the battery when the voltage is switching to a certain degree of positive slope up. This is due to the internal battery discharge and other chemical processes, polarization around the cathode to the accumulation of ions decreased. Therefore, the operating point depends on the battery charger to connect the length of time, and the history of battery life. With most electronic laboratory buildings to find the universal device load, to simulate the load model of this complex is difficult. Toshiba Tecra A3 battery Toshiba Tecra A4 battery

 

Require frequent testing of the load circuit, or system characteristics must be described in detail, the exact simulation of the process of recharging the battery is very useful. simulation process requires continuous scanning of all dash operating point. The results also show that analog circuits, so the operator can identify the problems and failures and interference. If the analog circuit can provide output voltage of the battery and signal, these results can be directly used as the signal of the oscilloscope. The tests will be accelerated (from a few hours to a few tens of seconds), and in accordance with need several Fanfu the real test of the battery is more convenient. However, accelerated testing to determine the charging power after the thermal side effects. Therefore, you may need additional time for testing of feed and control circuit in accordance with the thermal time constant.

 

The introduction of the load cell model

 

Figure 2 is a circuit simulation of the lithium-ion single. DC charger stage to end the charging voltage and fast charge current setting decision by the shipper. Simulator initialization can be set up under the internal battery fully discharge voltage 3V, but the tension can be increased to 4.3V, to test the overload condition. 3V initial value is usually used for a circuit voltage low battery shutdown (used to complete the process of lithium-ion battery discharge). This design specifically for pressure cancellation fee charger standard CC-CV 4.2V Li-Ion. The design of the adjustment is very easy to adapt to the termination voltage non-standard and complete discharge voltage of the test. Test on the charger up to 3A of current training simulation energy consumption by the limits of power transistor. Toshiba Tecra A5 battery Toshiba Tecra A6 battery

 

According to the parameters given, the charge current of 1A, the integral time constant to simulate the circuit 6-7 seconds to reach the charger 4.2V limit. On the beach at current strength, fully charge and discharge termination voltage to the analog voltage lithium-ion (in this case, the middle finger US18650G3 Sony) on the basis of parameters typical complete. The simulation of the battery voltage does not reflect the impact of ambient temperature.

 

shunt regulator shunt regulator design with MAX8515 and a pair of bipolar power transistors (selection of the regulator to examine the accuracy of its internal reference voltage), high transistor TIP35 currently installed in the radiator heat dissipation of 25W on.

 

MAX4163 Dual Op Amps, an amplifier to the load current integration, another amplifier to amplify the signal current measurement and prejudices. The op amp is a power ratio of high supply rejection, and supports full range swing input / output, which simplifies the design of two types of functional circuits. Note that with the positive battery terminal emulator 0.100Ω current sense resistor in series and the resistance of the internal battery. Toshiba Tecra A7 battery toshiba PA3191U-1BRS

 

In automated testing – based data acquisition system of work, may be an external signal to reset the simulation to fully discharge the battery status. Also, test set manual reset button is available.

 

Use the SPST switch can select the cell simulation in two modes. Take a side, the implementation of the emulator integrated charge, as described above. Throw B-side, the simulator will be secured to a fixed DC operating voltage at the test site charger output and current smoking. To achieve this functionality, “set” voltage can change the variable resistor 50kΩ between 5.75V to 2.75V manually set. These parameters are voltage and current of the internal inhalation. Measured voltage terminal emulator (Vbatt) equals the set voltage current flowing through the resistance simulation of the absorption cell (0.100Ω resistance) pressure drop. Circuit simulation of power from the battery when the charger output. apple a1281 apple a1245 apple a1008

 

Simulation of circuit performance

 

As can be seen in Figure 2 testing process: a fast charge current is 1A initial charge (curve B and D), the other is a fast charge 2A load current (curves A and C). In both cases, the first step in the charge CC until the battery voltage reaches the termination voltage is 4.2V. Afterwards, the current decay exponentially, while the simulation of the battery voltage remains unchanged. 2A charge current is terminated when the voltage reaches a shorter time, and should the same design. However, please note that the doubling time is not being half of the load wills only half the time CV mode, the test battery with the real case.

 

Conclusion

As the lithium-ion battery charging process takes an hour or more, using the actual load test lithium battery charger would be very tedious and often impractical. To speed up the battery charger test, this paper describes a simple circuit used to simulate the lithium-ion batteries. The circuit provides a non-use of lithium battery charger in a cost-effective screening. apple a1280 40y6797

Lithium-ion (Li +) battery chemistry that other types of cells more vulnerable to illegal operations with very low tolerance. Therefore, the lithium battery charging circuit more complex and require high precision the parameters of voltage and current. If you can not meet these requirements of accuracy, the battery charger can not be completely full, thus reducing battery life or affect battery performance. Toshiba Satellite M100 battery Toshiba Satellite M105 battery

 

Given the Li + battery charger to these requirements, the design of the charger fully tested and working within the whole sub-test is very important. However, the conventional load (ie, Li + Battery) test battery charger Li + would be a lot of time and in the laboratory and production environment is also difficult to achieve. To simplify the testing process, this paper presents a circuit simulation of the battery can accelerate the speed of the test without actual battery when performing the test lithium-ion battery charger.

CC-CV charge

 

Lithium-ion of the first phase of the process medium precision constant current (CC) charge, then in the second stage of the transition to high-precision constant (CV) charging.

 

Battery 2.6V below, the need to adopt different charging systems. If you attempt to discharge to 2.6V below the battery charger provides a lower current load (during conditioning), is in charge of the battery voltage of 2.6V. This is the discharge the lithium-ion battery when the safety mechanism that must be taken. Vbatt 2.6V <load faster when the force will lead to short-circuit the battery in an unrecoverable state. Toshiba Satellite M40 battery Toshiba Satellite M45 battery

 

CC to CV transition point of the critical phase of tolerance is ± 40mV. The reason why such a strict tolerance requirements is that if the CV is too low, the battery is not completely filled, the CV is too high, it will shorten battery life. Termination means which detects charge a battery fully charged, the charger, you must disconnect or turn off. In Phase HP, when the detection of load current flow fast charge or a maximum load current of a certain percentage (usually <10%), the termination fee.

 

Test Battery charger + Li parametric

Li + battery charger design usually includes two main parts: the digital part of the machine (state control) and the analog part, including the analog high accuracy (> 1%) base can be controlled precision current / voltage source. battery charger lithium-ion (not just IC) testing is a fully working very hard and takes time, not limited to the value of current or voltage of the test.

 

Testing should be in the full extent of the Labor Section of the detection of charger: DC including the phase, the transition from CC to CV-end load. As indicated above, the ideal test is the load on the charger classic: the Li +. However, the charging process an hour or more, use lithium batteries tested many times. According to different test conditions: for example, high-capacity rechargeable battery + slow, low capacity battery + quick charger and other possible combinations, testing time is different. Toshiba Satellite M50 battery Toshiba Satellite M55 battery

 

In addition, the charging process can not guarantee that the principle does not damage the battery current increase battery charge rate by the current maximum charge (fast charge either way) constraints. The batteries used in consumer products, some provisions of current exceeding 1C (1 hour battery is fully discharge current). Therefore, in most cases, to complete the charge cycle, the time required is often more than two hours. If you need to repeat the test, you need to completely discharge the batteries – this process is only slightly less than the load. Or, to be able to have the battery fully discharged at any time.

 

Another ideal use in a test simulating real alternative battery charging. Simulation must verify that the response of DC circuits and dynamic stability. However, the use of power measurement standards used in the simulation very difficult to charge the battery. And most of the electrical load tests using different batteries can not simply as a resistor or a current fixed exposure. As indicated above, the work must be done in the subtest. The following description of the circuit of the Li + Charger attempt to meet these requirements. apple a1061 apple a1078 apple a1079

Select the model of battery charge

 

We first consider the two must be considered, but finally gave up modeling methodology. Modeling methods of battery charging are: use a source of discharge () and inhalation (charge) the current capacity of the source of battery voltage and internal resistance of the resistance in series. As the Li + require precise control of voltage and current termination charges, the current is in fact all the Li + charger regulated power supply converters.

 

In addition, the power converter (charger) stability depends on the load (battery) the dynamic characteristics, we must choose a model very similar to the load. Otherwise, the test can verify that the VI characteristics of the charger itself.

 

If only a test of time, you can use the shunt and series resistance, this is sufficient to simulate the internal resistance of the battery, and this simple cell model can meet the test requirements. Advantage of this method is powered by the charger itself. However, a more rigorous test of the needs of more accurate models. The model uses an internal voltage source, the supply voltage, the battery charging process is the total charge of the function. apple a1012 apple a1022 apple a1060